If the flame doesn’t stay on when lighting your water heater, check for gas supply issues, a faulty thermocouple, or dirty burners that need cleaning.
Is your water heater’s pilot light refusing to stay lit? This common issue leaves you without hot water for showers, dishes, and laundry. Understanding why it happens and how to fix it can save you time and money.
How to Check If Your Pilot Light Is Out
Follow these steps to inspect your water heater’s pilot light:
- Locate the front cover panel on your water heater
- Carefully remove the panel to view the burner assembly
- Look for a small flame near the gas control valve
- Check the flame color – it should be blue with a small yellow tip
If you don’t see a flame, your pilot light is out. A yellow or orange flame indicates potential problems with combustion.
7 Reasons Your Pilot Light Won’t Stay Lit
1. Faulty Thermocouple
The thermocouple is a safety device that detects the pilot flame. When working properly, it keeps the gas valve open. Common thermocouple issues include:
- Dirt or corrosion buildup
- Improper positioning away from flame
- Wear and tear over time
Replacement thermocouples cost $20-$50 and are available at most hardware stores. For proper installation, consider our guide on essential HVAC tools that professionals use.
2. Insufficient Combustion Air
Your water heater needs adequate airflow to maintain the pilot light. Check for:
| Problem | Solution |
|---|---|
| Cluttered area around heater | Clear at least 18 inches around unit |
| Blocked vents | Ensure proper ventilation |
| Drafty location | Relocate heater if possible |
3. Low Gas Pressure
Inadequate gas supply can cause pilot light failure. Symptoms include:
- Weak flame that flickers or dies
- Other gas appliances not working properly
- Hissing sound near gas lines
Contact your gas utility company if you suspect low pressure. Never attempt to adjust gas lines yourself.
4. Faulty Ignition System
Modern water heaters use electronic ignition instead of standing pilot lights. Problems can include:
- Worn out igniter
- Electrical issues
- Control board failures
According to Constellation Energy, ignition system repairs typically cost $150-$400.
5. Gas Buildup in Lines
Trapped gas can prevent proper ignition. This dangerous situation requires professional attention immediately.
6. Clogged Pilot Tube
Dirt, dust, or insects can block the small tube feeding gas to the pilot light. Cleaning requires:
- Turning off gas supply
- Disassembling pilot assembly
- Using compressed air to clear debris
7. Malfunctioning Gas Control Valve
The valve regulates gas flow to both pilot and main burner. When it fails, you may experience:
- Intermittent flame
- Gas leaks
- Complete failure to ignite
Valve replacement typically costs $200-$500 and should be done by a licensed technician.
How to Relight Your Water Heater Pilot
Follow these steps to safely relight your pilot:
- Turn gas control knob to “Off” and wait 5 minutes
- Locate pilot access near burner assembly
- Turn knob to “Pilot” and depress while lighting
- Hold knob down for 30-60 seconds after ignition
- Turn to “On” position and verify main burner operation
For more detailed instructions, check your unit’s manual or our guide on HVAC thermostat settings that affect water heater operation.
When to Call a Professional
Seek professional help if you experience:
- Gas odors
- Repeated pilot light failures
- Yellow or orange flames
- Soot buildup around burner
As noted by Randazzo HVAC, improper repairs can create dangerous carbon monoxide situations. Annual maintenance helps prevent pilot light issues.
Preventing Future Pilot Light Problems
Keep your water heater running smoothly with these tips:
- Schedule annual professional maintenance
- Keep area around heater clean and ventilated
- Install carbon monoxide detectors nearby
- Consider upgrading to electronic ignition model
Proper maintenance extends your water heater’s life and ensures reliable hot water when you need it.
