Why Does Your Water Heater Pilot Light Keep Going Out?

If the pilot light goes out on your water heater, relight it following the manufacturer’s instructions, but first ensure there are no gas leaks.

A pilot light that keeps extinguishing is more than just annoying—it’s a warning sign. This guide explains why pilot lights fail and how to fix them safely.

Pilot light safety for water heaters explained

How a Water Heater Pilot Light Works

The pilot light is a small, constant flame that ignites your water heater’s main burner. When working properly:

  • It heats the thermocouple to generate electricity
  • This current keeps the gas valve open
  • The system maintains a steady gas flow for heating

Modern units may use electric ignition systems instead of traditional pilot lights.

Top reasons pilot light failure water heater

Top Reasons Your Pilot Light Fails

1. Faulty Thermocouple

The thermocouple is the most common culprit. This safety device:

  • Detects whether the pilot flame is lit
  • Shuts off gas if the flame goes out
  • Wears out after 5-10 years

Signs of a bad thermocouple: The pilot won’t stay lit after releasing the control knob, or the flame appears weak.

2. Gas Supply Issues

Problems with gas delivery can extinguish your pilot:

Issue Solution
Low gas pressure Check with utility company
Clogged gas line Clean or replace tubing
Faulty gas valve Professional replacement needed

3. Drafts or Ventilation Problems

According to HVAC experts, improper venting causes 30% of pilot outages. Common issues:

  • Blocked flue pipes
  • Strong downdrafts
  • Insufficient combustion air

4. Dirty or Misaligned Components

Pilot assemblies get dirty over time:

  • Carbon buildup blocks gas flow
  • Minerals clog small orifices
  • Components shift out of position

How to Diagnose Pilot Light Problems

Visual Inspection

A healthy pilot flame should:

  • Burn steady and blue (not yellow)
  • Completely engulf the thermocouple tip
  • Be about 1/2 inch tall
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Relighting Test

  1. Turn gas control knob to “off”
  2. Wait 5 minutes for gas to dissipate
  3. Set knob to “pilot” and hold down
  4. Light the pilot with a long match
  5. Hold knob down for 60 seconds after ignition

If the flame won’t stay lit, you likely need professional tools for further diagnosis.

When to Call a Professional

Seek expert help for:

  • Gas odors (leave immediately)
  • Visible soot around burner
  • Repeated pilot failures
  • Water leaks near gas controls

As noted by plumbing professionals, attempting complex gas repairs without training can be dangerous.

Preventing Future Pilot Light Problems

Regular Maintenance

Annual servicing includes:

  • Cleaning burner assemblies
  • Inspecting flue systems
  • Testing safety controls

Upgrade Considerations

Newer models offer advantages:

  • Electronic ignition (no standing pilot)
  • Better energy efficiency
  • Advanced safety features

For homes needing precise temperature control, consider smart thermostats that work with modern water heaters.

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Joye
Joye

I am a mechanical engineer and love doing research on different home and outdoor heating options. When I am not working, I love spending time with my family and friends. I also enjoy blogging about my findings and helping others to find the best heating options for their needs.