Can You Burn Coal in a Wood Stove? Safety & Risks Explained

No, burning coal in a wood stove is not recommended as it can damage the stove and create hazardous fumes; use a coal-specific stove instead.

Many homeowners wonder if they can burn coal in their wood stoves for extra heat. While possible in some cases, this practice comes with serious risks and requires careful consideration.

Burning coal in a wood stove for efficient heating

Understanding Coal vs. Wood Burning

Coal and wood burn very differently. Coal requires:

  • Higher combustion temperatures (up to 3,500°F vs. wood’s 2,000°F)
  • Bottom-up airflow (wood stoves typically provide top-down)
  • Different grate systems for proper ash removal

Key Differences in Combustion

Factor Wood Coal
Ignition Temperature 300°F 800°F
Burn Time 4-8 hours 8-24 hours
Ash Production Low High
Risks of burning coal in wood stoves

Risks of Burning Coal in Wood Stoves

Structural Damage

The intense heat from coal can warp steel stoves and crack cast iron or firebrick linings. As noted in our guide to indoor wood heaters, most aren’t rated for coal’s extreme temperatures.

Chimney Problems

Coal produces:

  • Sulfur compounds that corrode metal flues
  • More creosote buildup than wood
  • Fly ash that can block chimneys

Health Hazards

Coal emits higher levels of:

  • Carbon monoxide (up to 5x more than wood)
  • Sulfur dioxide
  • Heavy metals like mercury

If You Must Burn Coal

For those determined to try, follow these precautions:

Stove Modifications

  1. Install a coal grate to allow bottom airflow
  2. Add firebrick lining to protect stove walls
  3. Use a flue thermometer to monitor temperatures

Fuel Selection

Only use anthracite (“hard coal”) which burns cleaner than bituminous varieties. According to Department of Energy guidelines, it produces fewer emissions.

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Safety Equipment

  • Install CO detectors on every floor
  • Keep a Class ABC fire extinguisher nearby
  • Have chimney inspected monthly when burning coal

Better Alternatives

Instead of coal, consider:

While some historical accounts mention successful coal use in wood stoves, modern safety standards and EPA regulations strongly discourage the practice. The risks generally outweigh any potential benefits.

Joye
Joye

I am a mechanical engineer and love doing research on different home and outdoor heating options. When I am not working, I love spending time with my family and friends. I also enjoy blogging about my findings and helping others to find the best heating options for their needs.