The energy consumption of electric heaters varies by type, with convection heaters averaging 1,500 watts, while infrared models can consume between 300 to 1,500 watts.
Electric heaters provide instant warmth but vary in energy use and efficiency. Understanding their power consumption helps you choose the right type for your needs while managing electricity costs.
How Much Power Do Electric Heaters Use?
Most portable electric heaters consume between 500W and 1,500W. Their exact energy usage depends on:
- Heater type (fan, radiant, convection)
- Wattage rating (typically 750W, 1,000W, or 1,500W)
- Usage duration
- Thermostat settings
Power Consumption by Heater Type
| Heater Type | Typical Wattage | Hourly Cost* |
|---|---|---|
| Fan heater | 1,000-2,000W | $0.15-$0.30 |
| Oil-filled radiator | 500-1,500W | $0.08-$0.23 |
| Ceramic heater | 750-1,500W | $0.11-$0.23 |
| Infrared heater | 300-1,500W | $0.05-$0.23 |
*Based on $0.15/kWh electricity rate
Electric Heater Types Compared
1. Fan Heaters
Fan heaters blow warm air using an electric heating element and fan. They:
- Heat spaces quickly
- Are lightweight and portable
- Can be noisy
- Use 1,000-2,000W
Best for: Quick heating in small spaces for short periods.
2. Oil-Filled Radiators
These heaters warm oil inside sealed columns that radiate heat. They:
- Provide steady, even heat
- Stay warm after turning off
- Are heavier than other types
- Use 500-1,500W
Best for: Longer heating sessions in medium-sized rooms.
3. Ceramic Heaters
Ceramic heaters use ceramic plates and aluminum baffles to generate heat. They:
- Heat up and cool down quickly
- Are generally quiet
- Often include safety features
- Use 750-1,500W
Best for: Bedrooms or offices needing quiet operation.
4. Infrared Heaters
Infrared models emit radiant heat that warms objects directly. They:
- Provide instant warmth
- Work well in drafty spaces
- Don’t heat the air
- Use 300-1,500W
Best for: Spot heating in garages, workshops, or outdoor areas.
Are Electric Heaters Energy Efficient?
All electric resistance heaters are nearly 100% efficient at converting electricity to heat. However, they’re expensive to run compared to alternatives like gas heaters or heat pumps.
Key efficiency considerations:
- Electricity costs 3-4 times more than gas per BTU
- Heat pumps can be 200-300% efficient by moving heat
- Proper sizing and thermostat use improves efficiency
Tips to Reduce Electric Heater Costs
- Use the right size heater for your space
- Set thermostats to 68°F (20°C) or lower
- Only heat occupied rooms
- Combine with ceiling fans to circulate warm air
- Consider a wood stove-style electric heater for zone heating
Safety Considerations
Electric heaters cause thousands of fires annually. Follow these safety rules:
- Keep 3 feet clearance from combustibles
- Don’t use with extension cords
- Plug directly into wall outlets
- Choose models with tip-over and overheat protection
- Never leave unattended
For larger spaces, consider more efficient options like heat pumps or improving your home’s insulation.
