To choose the right firewood, select seasoned hardwoods like oak or maple for longer, hotter burns, and avoid softwoods that produce more smoke and creosote.
Selecting the right firewood makes all the difference between a smoky disappointment and a perfect fire. The best wood burns hot, lasts long, and produces minimal smoke. This guide covers everything from wood types to seasoning techniques.
Hardwood vs Softwood: Which Burns Better?
Hardwoods like oak and maple outperform softwoods for most heating needs. Here’s why:
Hardwood Advantages
- 30% more heat output than softwoods
- Burns 50% longer
- Creates better coals for sustained heat
- Produces less creosote (reduces chimney fire risk)
When To Use Softwoods
Softwoods like pine and cedar work best for:
- Kindling (ignites easily)
- Outdoor fires (less concern about creosote)
- Quick, bright flames rather than sustained heat
Top 5 Firewood Choices Ranked
| Wood Type | Heat (Million BTU/Cord) | Burn Quality | Seasoning Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oak | 24-28 | Excellent | 12-24 months |
| Hickory | 26-28 | Excellent | 12 months |
| Maple | 22-24 | Very Good | 12 months |
| Ash | 20-24 | Good | 6-12 months |
| Birch | 20-22 | Good | 6-12 months |
Proper Firewood Seasoning Techniques
Green wood contains 50-60% moisture – seasoned wood should be below 20%. Follow these steps:
Optimal Stacking Method
- Split logs to 6-8 inch thickness
- Stack off the ground on pallets or rails
- Allow 1-2 inches between pieces for airflow
- Cover top only (use metal roofing or tarps)
Seasoning Time By Wood Type
- Softwoods: 6-12 months
- Medium-density hardwoods: 12-18 months
- Dense hardwoods (oak, hickory): 18-24 months
For faster drying, consider a wood-fired heater that can help season smaller batches.
Firewood Storage Solutions
Indoor Storage Tips
- Use a ventilated rack near (not touching) the fireplace
- Limit indoor storage to 1-2 week supply
- Check for insects before bringing wood inside
Outdoor Storage Best Practices
- Choose a sunny, well-drained location
- Face stacks into prevailing winds for better drying
- Elevate at least 6 inches off the ground
- Use a covered storage shed for premium protection
Specialty Firewood Uses
Cooking With Wood
Fruitwoods add unique flavors:
- Apple – Sweet, mild smoke
- Cherry – Fruity, rich aroma
- Pecan – Nutty, bacon-like flavor
Fireplace Aesthetics
Create ambiance with:
- Cedar – Bright flames, pleasant crackle
- Walnut – Beautiful flame colors
- Birch – Distinctive papery bark
For more heating options, explore EPA-certified wood stoves that maximize efficiency.
Firewood Measurement Guide
Understand firewood quantities:
- Full cord: 4’x4’x8′ (128 cubic feet)
- Face cord: 4’x8’x16″ (1/3 cord)
- Rick: Regional term, often 1/3 cord
Always verify dimensions when purchasing, as some sellers use non-standard measurements. A supplemental heater can help when firewood supplies run low.
