A 20 lb propane tank typically lasts about 18-20 hours when used for heating or cooking, depending on the appliance’s BTU usage.
A 20lb propane tank is a common fuel source for grills, heaters, and outdoor appliances. At 30,000 BTU output, it typically lasts 10-18 hours. But many factors affect its lifespan. This guide explains everything you need to know.
Key Factors That Affect Propane Tank Duration
Several elements determine how quickly your propane tank empties:
1. BTU Rating of Your Appliance
Higher BTU appliances burn propane faster. For example:
- 30,000 BTU heater: 10-12 hours
- 50,000 BTU grill: 6-8 hours
- 100,000 BTU fire pit: 4-5 hours
2. Usage Frequency and Duration
Continuous use drains tanks faster than intermittent operation. A propane space heater running all night will empty a tank quicker than occasional grill use.
3. Outdoor Temperature
Cold weather reduces propane pressure, making appliances work harder. Expect 10-15% faster consumption in freezing temperatures.
Propane Tank Duration Calculator
Use this simple formula to estimate your tank’s lifespan:
| Step | Calculation | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Find appliance BTU | Check manufacturer specs | 30,000 BTU heater |
| 2. Calculate total BTUs in tank | 20 lbs × 21,594 BTU/lb | 431,880 BTUs |
| 3. Divide total by appliance BTU | 431,880 ÷ 30,000 | 14.4 hours |
Common Appliances and Their Consumption
Grills
A standard grill burns 20,000-40,000 BTUs:
- Low heat (20,000 BTU): 20 hours
- Medium heat (30,000 BTU): 14 hours
- High heat (40,000 BTU): 10 hours
Patio Heaters
Most outdoor propane heaters use 30,000-50,000 BTUs:
- Tabletop models: 12-15 hours
- Standing heaters: 8-12 hours
RV Appliances
Typical RV usage per 20lb tank:
- Furnace: 10-15 hours
- Water heater: 30-40 showers
- Refrigerator: 10-14 days
Tips to Extend Your Propane Tank Life
- Use appliances on lower settings when possible
- Keep tanks upright for proper vaporization
- Store in moderate temperatures (not extreme cold)
- Check for leaks with soapy water solution
- Use wind barriers for outdoor heaters
Safety Considerations
Always follow these propane safety rules:
- Never store tanks indoors
- Keep away from open flames
- Transport upright and secured
- Inspect for rust/damage regularly
- Have tanks recertified every 10 years
For more technical details on propane consumption, Propane 101 offers excellent resources. The National Fire Protection Association provides safety guidelines.
When to Refill Your Tank
Don’t wait until empty. Refill when:
- Weight drops below 5 lbs (use a scale)
- Frost forms on tank sides
- Flame color changes to yellow
- Appliance performance decreases
Most tanks have a safety feature that stops flow at 20% capacity. This prevents complete emptying which could cause dangerous pressure changes.
