The disadvantages of a ducted central heater include high installation costs, potential energy loss through ducts, and uneven heating in large spaces.
Ducted central heating systems have been a staple in American homes for decades, but they come with significant drawbacks. While they provide whole-home heating, issues like energy loss, high costs, and maintenance challenges make them less than ideal for many homeowners.
1. High Energy Loss Through Ductwork
The biggest disadvantage of ducted systems is energy loss. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, 20-30% of heated air escapes through leaks in typical duct systems.
Where Heat Gets Lost
- Leaky duct joints and connections
- Poorly insulated ducts in unconditioned spaces
- Thermal transfer through duct walls
2. Expensive Installation and Upfront Costs
Installing a new ducted system costs significantly more than built-in gas heaters or ductless alternatives.
| System Type | Average Installation Cost |
|---|---|
| Ducted Central Heating | $5,000-$12,000 |
| Ductless Mini-Split | $3,000-$8,000 |
3. Complex Installation Requirements
Ducted systems require:
- Extensive ductwork throughout the home
- Large mechanical rooms for equipment
- Structural modifications in many cases
4. Difficult and Costly Maintenance
Maintaining ducted systems involves multiple challenges:
Duct Cleaning
Ducts accumulate dust, mold, and allergens that require professional cleaning every 3-5 years.
Leak Repairs
Finding and repairing leaks often requires cutting into walls or ceilings.
5. Limited Zoning Capabilities
Unlike zoned propane heaters, ducted systems typically heat the entire home even when only one room needs warmth.
6. Space Requirements
Ducted systems need:
- Large furnace/air handler units
- Duct chases through walls and ceilings
- Vent space throughout the home
7. Air Quality Concerns
While ducted systems filter air, they can also spread contaminants:
- Dust mites and allergens accumulate in ducts
- Mold growth in damp ductwork
- Odors circulating through the system
According to EPA research, duct cleaning may be necessary if visible mold growth exists or ducts are infested with pests.
