Yes, the pilot light for a water heater is designed to stay on for proper operation, ensuring the burner ignites when needed for heating water.
A gas water heater’s pilot light is its heartbeat. This small blue flame ignites the burner to heat your water. When it goes out unexpectedly, you’re left with cold showers and frustration. Understanding how it works and why it might fail helps prevent problems.
How a Water Heater Pilot Light Works
The pilot light is a continuous flame that ignites the gas burner when the thermostat calls for heat. Here’s the process:
- Gas flows through the pilot tube when the control valve is open
- You ignite the pilot manually (with matches or a lighter)
- The flame heats the thermocouple, generating a small electric current
- This current keeps the gas valve open to maintain the flame
- When hot water is needed, the main burner ignites from the pilot
Unlike modern electric ignition systems, traditional pilot lights burn continuously. This makes them more prone to problems from drafts or component failures.
5 Reasons Your Pilot Light Keeps Going Out
1. Faulty Thermocouple
The thermocouple is a safety device that senses the pilot flame. If it fails:
- Won’t generate enough current to keep gas valve open
- May need cleaning or replacement
- Average lifespan is 5-10 years
2. Drafts or Ventilation Issues
Pilot lights need stable air flow. Problems include:
- Clogged flue or vent pipe
- Strong downdrafts from wind
- Nearby fans or open windows
3. Gas Supply Problems
Insufficient gas pressure causes flameouts:
- Low gas pressure from utility
- Partially closed gas valve
- Obstructed gas line
4. Dirty or Clogged Components
Debris affects performance:
- Soot buildup on pilot assembly
- Spider webs in pilot tube
- Mineral deposits from condensation
5. Condensation Issues
Modern high-efficiency units produce condensation that can:
- Drip onto pilot assembly
- Corrode components
- Extinguish the flame
How to Relight Your Water Heater Pilot
Follow these steps carefully:
- Turn gas control knob to “OFF” and wait 5 minutes
- Set knob to “PILOT” position
- Press and hold red button while lighting pilot with long lighter
- Keep holding button for 30-60 seconds after ignition
- Turn knob to “ON” position
- Listen for main burner ignition when hot water is needed
If the pilot won’t stay lit after multiple attempts, call a professional. According to Department of Energy guidelines, persistent pilot problems often indicate serious issues.
When to Call a Professional
Seek expert help for:
- Gas odors (possible leaks)
- Yellow or orange flames (incomplete combustion)
- Repeated pilot outages
- Visible soot or corrosion
- Unusual noises from water heater
Regular maintenance by a qualified technician can prevent most pilot light problems. The American Home Shield recommends annual inspections for gas water heaters.
Preventing Future Pilot Light Problems
Proactive measures keep your pilot burning:
| Prevention Method | How It Helps |
|---|---|
| Annual professional maintenance | Cleans components, checks gas pressure |
| Install draft hood | Protects from wind and downdrafts |
| Keep area clean | Prevents dust/debris from entering |
| Monitor flame color | Blue flame indicates proper combustion |
Consider upgrading to a tankless water heater with electronic ignition if pilot problems persist. These modern systems eliminate standing pilot lights completely.
